Computer Engineering II
Summer 2004 Laboratory Notes
The ECE 291 Documentation Project
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Edited by
Peter L. B. Johnson
Copyright © 1992, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 by The ECE 291 Documentation Project
This manual is intended to be a supplement to the class notes and text book for ECE 291, the second course in the introductory computer engineering sequence. This course, along with the use of this manual, attempts to achieve three major objectives. First, to give the student a fundamental understanding of the principles and techniques of machine-level programming. Second, to teach students to use computers for real-time data acquisition and control of input-output devices. Lastly, to give the student an understanding of how to design and implement complex programs on a PC. This manual contains both lab-specific information as well as general programming information to the end of achieving the stated goals.
- Table of Contents
- I. Getting Started
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- 1 Introduction to the Course
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- 1.1 Machine Problems
- 1.2 WWW Page
- 2 Using the PC
- 3 Text Editors
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- 3.1 VIM
- 3.2 Emacs
- 3.3 Other Editors
- II. Assembly Programming
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- 4 Assembly Language
- 5 NASM
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- 5.1 Layout of a NASM Source Line
- 5.2 Pseudo-Instructions
- 5.3 Effective Addresses
- 5.4 Constants
- 5.5 Expressions
- 5.6 SEG and WRT
- 5.7 STRICT: Inhibiting Optimization
- 5.8 Critical Expressions
- 5.9 Local Labels
- 5.10 Standard Macros
- 5.11 Assembler Directives
- 6 Debugging Tools
- 7 Data Structures
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- 7.1 Arrays
- 7.2 Queues
- 7.3 Linked Lists
- 7.4 Binary Trees
- 7.5 Hash Tables
- References
- 8 C Programming
- 9 Libraries
- III. Interfacing With the World
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- 10 I/O Devices
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- 10.1 Keyboard
- 10.2 Mouse
- 10.3 8253 Timer Chip
- 10.4 Internal Speaker
- 11 Graphics
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- 11.1 Text Mode
- 11.2 VGA Mode 13h Graphics
- 11.3 Interrupt 10h Video Reference
- 11.4 PCX Graphic File Format
- 12 Serial Communication
- 13 Parallel Communication
- IV. Protected Mode
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- 14 Introduction to Protected Mode
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- 14.1 How to Do this Tutorial
- 14.2 The Goal
- 14.3 Protected Mode and the Final Project
- 15 DJGPP Development Environment
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- 15.1 About DJGPP
- 15.2 About DPMI
- 15.3 Setting Up DJGPP
- 16 Starting Protected Mode
- 17 Differences Between Real Mode and Protected Mode
- 18 Introduction to PModeLib
- V. Advanced Topics
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- 19 Sound
- VI. Appendices
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- A. PModeLib Reference
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- A.1 Global Variables
- A.2 Global Constants and Limits
- A.3 Initialization and Shutdown
- A.4 Simulate Real-Mode Interrupt
- A.5 Memory Handling
- A.6 General File Handling
- A.7 Graphics File Handling
- A.8 Interrupt, IRQ, and Callback Wrappers
- A.9 Text Mode Functions
- A.10 High-Resolution VBE/AF Graphics Functions
- A.11 NetBIOS Networking
- A.12 IP "Sockets" Networking (TCP/IP, UDP/IP)
- A.13 Sound Programming
- A.14 DMA Functions
- A.15 Miscelleanous Utility Functions
- B. x86 Instruction Reference
- C. EFLAGS Cross-Reference
- D. ASCII Code Tables
- Glossary
- Index
- Colophon
- List of Tables
- 4-1. 16-bit Register Addressing Modes
- 4-2. Examples of Valid 32-bit Register Addresses
- 10-1. Meaning of Shift Status Byte at 0040:0017h
- 10-2. Meaning of Shift Status Byte at 0040:0018h
- 10-3. Scan Codes Assigned to Keys on the Standard or AT Keyboard
- 10-4. "Second Codes" for ASCII Code 00h Key Combinations
- 10-5. Interpretation of the Timer Control Byte
- 12-1. Most Commonly Used RS-232C Signals
- 12-2. RS-232C Electrical Specifications
- 12-3. BIOS Serial Port Status, Returned in AH
- 12-4. BIOS Modem Port Status, Returned in AL
- 12-5. Accessible registers in the IN8250 ACE
- 12-6. Serial Interrupt Enable Register (@ ComBase+1, with DLAB=0)
- 12-7. Serial Line Control Register (@ ComBase+3)
- 12-8. Modem Control Register (@ ComBase+4)
- 12-9. Serial Line Status Register (@ ComBase+5)
- 12-10. Modem Status Register (@ ComBase+6)
- 13-1. Signals on 25-pin Printer Connector (pin numbers)
- 13-2. I/O Port Addresses (in hexadecimal) for Printer Adapter Buffer Registers
- 13-3. Register AL Bit Assignments for Printer Status Signals
- 13-4. Register AL Bit Assignments for Printer Control Signals
- B-1. SSE Condition Predicate Encoding
- C-1. EFLAGS Cross-Reference
- List of Figures
- 10-1. Built-in speaker hardware
- 12-1. Typical Connection between and another Device via the Telephone Network
- 12-2. 300 Baud Asynchronous Full-Duplex U.S. Frequency Assignments
- 12-3. Typical Null-Modem Cables
- 12-4. Simplified logic diagram of the Asynchronous Communications Adapter
- 13-1. Timing Diagram for the Centronics Protocol
- 13-2. Simplified Logic Diagram of the Printer Adapter
- 19-1. Interrupt at DMA Loop Point
- 19-2. Interrupt at DMA Loop Point and at Halfway Point
- List of Examples
- 9-1. Use of dspmsg to type out the string tstmsg on the display
- 9-2. Use of dosxit
- 9-3. binasc code example
- 9-4. ascbin code example
- 10-1. Interrupt 9 (Keyboard) Handler
- 10-2. Using Interrupt 16h with AH=1
- 11-1. Displaying a PCX File
- 17-1. Getting the Time in Protected Mode
- 17-2. Protected Mode "dspmsg" Program
- 18-1. Using the invoke macro
- 18-2. PModeLib "dspmsg" Program
- 18-3. Allocating Memory
- 18-4. File I/O
- 18-5. Hooking the timer interrupt
- 18-6. Displaying an Image